Improvement in cultivators



2 Sh-eets--Sheet1- C. H. WATSON.

Improvement in Cultivators.

Pa tented July 2,1872.

Witnesses ag 1 i 1 I nventor.

2 SheetS ShYeet 2.

CJH. WATSON.

a Improvement in Cultivators. No12 8,685;

Patented .luly'231872.

hwentor.

UNITED STATES CHARLES H. WATSON, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN ICULTIVATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 128,685, dated July 2,1872.

SPECIFICATION.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. WATSON, of the city of Washington,District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Cultivators for plowing out or cultivating growing plants, which aresimple in construction, convenient in use, and reliable in operation;and it consists in a new departure from the principle and constructionof the machines now in use in making the beams or drag-bars serve thedouble purpose of plowbeams and tongue, 131168311116 being independentlyconnected, by a universal joint, at their forward ends to a bar or yoke,so as to be moved in a vertical or lateral direction, each independentof the other; also, in providing a draft device having its point ofequilibrium at the front center of the machine, and so adjustable uponthe beams as to render the machine perfectly balanced, and therebyrelieving the necks of the animals drawing the machine from all upwardor downward pressure; also, in the construction and combination ofparts, as more fully hereinafter described and pointed out by theclaims; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description of the same, which will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, inwhich-- Figure 1 is a plan view of an implement with the handles removedembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same with thehandles attached. Fig. 3 is a plan view, showin g a modification of Fig.1; and Fig. 4 is a view of the front bar or neck-yoke detached from theimplement.

Like letters indicate like parts.

A A represent the beams,which may be of wood, iron piping, or othersuitable material, and may be straight, or bent in the form shown inFig. 3, as desired. These beams are attached to a cross-bar or yoke,B,iu front by straps to a, said straps turning freely upon suitablebearings formed upon the cross-bar or yoke, which allows the beams to bemoved in a vertical direction, and the beams being pivoted to the strapsby a single pin in each beam and strap or downward strain.

aflordsmeans by which the beams may be moved in a lateral direction,thus providing a universal joint for the movement of the beams and ajoint that will hold the beams in an upright position. 0 represents theevener, which is pivoted to the cross-bar or yoke B; and. D D are thesingle-trees, which are pivoted to the beams A A and connected to theevener by cords or chains E E. The single-trees are perforated,

so that they may be adjusted laterally upon I the beams A A. The evenerC is also perforated, so that the cords or chains E E may be adjusted toor from the center of the evener, as desired. The single-trees D D areattached to the beams A Aby the hammer-straps c o, and the beams areperforated to allow the single-trees D D to be adjusted longitudinallyupon the beams, the object of which is to relieve the neck of theanimals from all upward The beams incline upward from the rear to thefront; therefore, if the strainv is found to be downward upon the neckof the animals, move back the singletrees D D until the machine isperfectly balanced; or, if the pressure is found to be upward, move thesingle trees forward. The chains or cords E E should be of sufficientlength to allow the single-trees to admit of the adjustment by beingtaken up or lengthened,

as required. The cross-bar or yoke B is provided with a series ofbearings for the straps a. a, so that the beams may be adjusted to orfrom each other, as desired. G G represent handles, which are secured tothe beams and held in proper position by the adjustable braces H H. F Frepresent the standards, which are pivoted to the beams by bolt h. Oneend of each of said standards is provided with heads or runners I I,which are perforated to allow the inclination'of the shovels to beadjusted. Said standards are made to be reversed, so as to bring theheads or runners upon the ground when moving the implement to or fromthe field. Said standards are also of my invention, but not claimed inthis application. The form of beams shown in Fig. 3 may be found themost desirable, as the draft is in straight lines at all times with theshovels or plows, and as the beams occupy a parallel position to theline of direction and the animals the draft will be lighter than withthe diverging beamsshown in Fig.1; and the cords or chains occupy such aposition as not to come in contact with the growing plants 5 nor willthe beams be as liable to touch the animals drawing the implement.

The advantage of myinvention over all other implements in use is: Moresimple in construe: tion lighter draft; fewer parts and less liable toget out of repair; less expensive. The beams being long the leverage isgreater; therefore the operator can move them more easily at their rearends by the handles and by a slight movement of the forward ends of thebeams. The rear ends thereof inscribe a larger arc than can be done byshort beams. The draft is from a lower point than upon wheeledimplements, making it easier for the team, and by bending the outer endsof the single-trees downward the draft may be from as low a pointas'desired, and having no wheels nor heavy frame the operator canreadily raise the rear ends of the beams by the handles and swing theimplement around in the corners of fences and at the ends of the rows ofplants without injury to the plants.

ported in position without wheels or frame, as

and for the purpose described.

4. The beams A A, hinged or pivoted to the bar or yoke B, and madeadjustable upon the I bar or yoke, as and for the purpose specified.

5. The evener G, pivoted to the bar or yoke at the extreme front of theimplement, so as to leave the beams A A free to be operated,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. The single-trees D 1), when made longi tudinally adjustable upon thebeams A A, for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the adjustable evener G, adjustable single-trees DD, beams A A, and chains E E, substantially as and for the pun posedescribed.

' CHAS. H. WATSON.

Witnesses:

J. T. O. ALLEN, H. S. ABBOT.

